Effect of cmc-na concentration as a binder in the formulation of chewable tablets of ethanol extract of onion tubers (allium cepa l.)

Abstract

Shallots (Allium cepa L.) are agricultural commodities that are grown continuously in Brebes Regency and are useful as antidiabetic drugs because they contain flavonoid compounds that are hypo glycemia. Shallot bulbs cause a bitter taste and odor so that they are not comfortable to consume directly, so chewable tablets are made with modifications of CMC-Na binding material to increase the intragranular and intergranular force of the tablets. This study aims to determine the influence of variations in CMC-Na concentration as a binding agent on granules, physical properties and respondents' preferences for chewable tablet preparations. Shallot bulb extract was extracted by maceration method for 3 days using 70% ethanol and then formulated CMC-Na with concentrations of F1 (3%), F2 (4%) and F3 (5%). The test results showed that the increase in CMC-Na concentration led to an increase in flow properties, granule moisture content and decreased the compressibility value and dwell angle of the granules. The statistical results of the physical properties of the granules showed a p-value<0.05, which had a significant effect on the physical properties of the granules. The results of the physical property test showed that the increase in CMC-Na concentration caused the hardness of the tablets to increase so that the fragility was low and the crushing time was getting longer or increasing. The statistical results of testing the physical properties of the tablets showed a p-value<0.05, which had a significant effect on the physical properties of the tablets. Based on the results of the ranking score of the preference test, respondents prefer F3 with a ranking score percentage of 34,62 %.