Welcome to The 1st ICHBS 2024 The International Conference on Health and Biological Science is an annual event organized by Universitas Harapan Bangsa and part of the International Conference on Community Health series. This conference invites submissions from all fields related to "Biology, Food Science, Life Sciences, and Health". This year, Universitas Harapan Bangsa is proud to host the 1st International Conference on Health and Biological Science (ICHBS 2024), which will take place at the Java Heritage Hotel, Purwokerto, Indonesia on 8-9 October, 2024. Selected papers presented at ICHBS 2024 will be published in the Bio of Web Conference, indexed in the Scopus databases. Check The Forthcoming at Bio Web of Conferences Focus and Scope In today's rapidly evolving world, the convergence of biology, food, and health is paving the way for groundbreaking sustainable innovations. Advances in biotechnology are enabling the development of more efficient and eco-friendly agricultural practices, which not only enhance food production but also reduce environmental impact. By integrating biological insights with cutting-edge food technology, we are seeing the emergence of novel solutions such as lab-grown meats, biofortified crops, and sustainable packaging materials. These innovations not only address global challenges like food security and climate change but also promote better health outcomes by providing nutritionally enhanced and safer food options. The synergy between biology, food science, and health is thus driving a new era of sustainability, where each sector's advancements contribute to a more resilient and health-conscious future. The main theme of ICHBS 2024 is "Sustainable Innovations at the Intersection of Biology, Food and Health". The topics of interest include, but not limited to: Biological Science Biotechnology, Bioinformatics, Biomedicine, Biomedical Imaging and Diagnostics, Biochemistry, Ethnobiology, Ethnozoology, Biodiversity, Biology molecular, Ecology, Genetic, Biological Responses to Climate Change, Biotechnology in Agriculture, Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Nutritional Biology, Environmental Biology Health dan Food Science Public Health Nutrition & Maternal and Child Health, Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Epidemiology and Entomology in Public Health, Biostatistics, Population study and Health Information System, Environmental Health,Food Sustainability,Innovations in Food Engineering, Food Safety and Preservation, Law in Health, Health Management, Health Education.
Exploratory study of the implementation of the stunting prevention program as a basis for developing the “genting” prevention of stunting in adolescent program in gunungkidul Yogyakarta
Poor nutritional status among adolescents is an important factor that determines poor health outcomes. If the nutritional needs of adolescent female are not met, they are at high risk of death due to pregnancy and childbirth and are more likely to give birth to babies with low birth weight. There is a need for good nutritional knowledge about stunting and its prevention in adolescents as one way to reduce stunting rates in the future. This study was conducted as a basis for developing a community-based stunting prevention program called "GENTING" (Gerakan Enyahkan Stunting) as an effort to prevent stunting in adolescents. The study was conducted using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. This study was conducted in Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta. The sample in this study were adolescent female aged 13-15 years. Participants in the study were selected by purposive sampling, with the following criteria: adolescent female aged 13-15 years and adolescents who actively use social media. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD), after that, the interview and FGD recordings were transcribed and then codes and categories were identified. The results of the study showed that stunting prevention programs were not routinely carried out in schools. The program was only carried out when health workers needed data for their screening or research. The counseling that was conducted was not followed up with follow-up, thus creating a negative impression of the program. Interactive and technology-based approaches are very relevant for adolescence who tend to be more familiar with digital devices. Interactive programs such as using audiovisual media that are distributed through social media are more attractive to adolescence
Copyright (c) 2025 Fahmi Baiquni, Benny Karuniawati, Berlina Putrianti, Erni Sulistyawati, Dhiya Urrahman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Correlation of Age, Body Mass Index, and Age of Menarche with Hemoglobin Levels in Adolescents in Singaraja
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 24.8% of the global population is affected, and it is estimated that around 50-80% of anemia cases are caused by iron deficiency. Anemia occurs when hemoglobin levels are below normal (<12 g/dL). Factors contributing to the high incidence of anemia in adolescents include low iron intake and inadequate consumption of other nutrients. Anemia frequently occurs during menstruation and can be prevented by consuming iron supplements. A preliminary survey of 50 students showed that most were unaware of the importance of taking iron supplements when they reach adolescence and 16 had hemoglobin levels below 12 g/dL. This study aims to analyze the correlation between age, body mass index, and age of menarche with hemoglobin levels in adolescents in Singaraja. The research employs a quantitative analytical method with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained through interviews and direct measurements of height and weight. The findings indicate a correlation between age, body mass index, and age of menarche with hemoglobin levels in adolescents. Futher research with a larger, move diverse sample is recommended, incorporating variables like diet and physical activity. A longitudinal approach and advanced statistical methods would also improve the study’s depth and validity. This would offer deeper insights into the factors affecting hemoglobin levels and their implications for adolescent health.
Copyright (c) 2025 Made Anggita Abdi Jayanti, Nyoman Gita Laksmi Maharani, Desak Radha Nityanandeshwari, Putu Duta Mahardhika, Made Amanda Cipta Dewi, Ni Nyoman Desy Sekarini, Putu Irma Pratiwi, Luh Nik Armini (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The role of the anesthesiologist in laparoscopic biopsy drainage in geriatric patients with liver abscess and pneumonia
Risk factors for the development of liver abscess include diabetes mellitus, hepatic cirrhosis, male gender, elderly, immunocompromised state, and those with proton pump inhibitor use. Patients usually have fever, complain of chills, night sweats, malaise, nausea or vomiting, right upper quadrant pain, and anorexia. Diagnosis was made based on anamnesis in the form of complaints of abdominal pain throughout the abdomen since 3 days before admission to the hospital, the initial pain was felt in the upper right abdomen since 9 days ago then moved to the entire abdomen, persisted and got heavier, nausea was present, vomiting was absent, fever was present, complaints of shortness of breath were present, the patient came in a state of tightness using respiratory support NRM 10 liters Spo2 83%, laboratory examination was low Eosinophils 1.1% and high Neutrophils associated with infection. Microbiological examination found Escherichia Coli bacteria (ESBL+) which is a common cause of Bronchopnemonia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alifia Ajeng Pratiwi, Made Suandika, Emiliani Elsi Jerau (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Implementation of Dhikir Therapy to Reduce Pain in Patients with Post – Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF)
Fracture is a state of breaking or crumbling of the bone due to impact or pressure that causes the bone to not fuse completely. The incidence of fractures in the world in 2020 is 2.7%, in Indonesia in 2018 there were 1.3 million cases (5.5%) and in Yogyakarta it reached 64.5%. One of the fracture treatments is surgery which will cause pain. Nonpharmacological management to reduce pain includes the implementation of dhikir therapy. The purpose of this case study is to implement dhikir therapy in reducing pain in post ORIF fracture patients. The method used in this case study is descriptive method. Dhikir therapy began on day 1 and was performed twice a day after 5 hours of analgesic administration with a duration of action of 25 minutes. The respondent in this study was a post ORIF fracture patient in the Cendana 3 ward of RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta and selected based on predetermined inclusion criteria. The pain felt by respondents before and after dhikir therapy was observed using the NRS pain scale. The results of this study indicate that there is a difference in pain scale, before the implementation of pain felt on a scale of 6 (moderate pain) and after the implementation of pain felt on a scale of 1 (mild pain). The results showed that dhikir therapy can reduce pain in post ORIF fracture patients.
Sumarti Endah Purnamaningsih Maria Margaretha
Copyright (c) 2025 Noviyanti, SUMARTI ENDAH PURNAMANINGSIH MARIA MARGARETHA , Raden Rama Widya Kartika Yudha (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Drug Costs and Types of Drugs Prescribed for Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Failure Patients on Hemodialysis at dr. R. Goeteng Taroenadibrata Regional General Hospital
Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), particularly those undergoing haemodialysis (HD), presents a significant economic burden, especially in low- and middle-income countries where healthcare resources are limited. This condition requires frequent and costly treatments to manage, leading to high healthcare expenditures. The aim of this study was to analyse the types and costs of medications most commonly prescribed to stage 5 CKD patients undergoing HD at dr. R. Goeteng Taroenadibrata Regional General Hospital. A descriptive-analytic study was conducted with a cross-sectional approach, using retrospective data from medical records and payment documents for stage 5 CKD patients receiving HD between July and December 2023. A total of 85 patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results showed that Heparin inj 5000 IU/mL was the most frequently prescribed medication, accounting for 17.43% of all prescriptions, primarily for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolism. Other drugs such as furosemide, folic acid, and amlodipine were also commonly prescribed. The most expensive medication was Epoetin Alfa 3000 IU/mL, with an average cost of IDR 3,112,500 over 182 prescribing episodes. This study highlights the importance of understanding drug expenditure in HD treatment, which can inform budget planning and resource allocation in hospitals
Copyright (c) 2025 Bella Aisya Fitri, Fauziah, Khamdiyah Indah Kurniasih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Cost-effectiveness analysis of metformin and glimepiride therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at cilongok i health center
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease caused by disorders in the pancreatic organs that cause a decrease in the amount of insulin resulting in an increase in blood sugar. DM is the sixth leading cause of death in the world and the third in Indonesia. This metabolic disease is a disease that requires a lot of time and money in treatment. The treatment of diabetes mellitus needs to be taken into account because it costs a lot of money and causes a loss of productive time, so a Cost Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) is required. The study was conducted to determine the cost-effectiveness of the most effective single therapy of metformin and glimepiride in terms of benefits and costs in type 2 DM patients at the Cilongok I Health Center. The analysis was carried out by comparing the total cost incurred with the effectiveness of the therapeutic results obtained. The analysis of the cost effectiveness of therapy uses the Average Cost Effectiveness (ACER) calculation method in outpatient installations at the Cilongok I Health Center for the period of January 2024 – June 2024. Results: DMT2 patients who used metformin and glimepyride monotherapy, the statistical results showed that the most drug use was metformin and the analysis of metformin effectiveness had a lower ACER value of Rp. 798,136 with an effectiveness of 83.72% while glimepiride was Rp. 1,093,565 with an effectiveness of 72.72%. Conclusion: Based on the calculation of the ACER analysis method, the administration of metformin therapy alone is more cost-effective than glimepiride alone, the use of metformin as the main choice in the management of DMT2 can optimize health expenditure, improve the accessibility of care for patients and a sustainable and cost-effective treatment strategy
Copyright (c) 2025 Delia Puspita, Fauziah, Galih Samodra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The effect of leaflet media on the level of mother’s knowledge about pneumonia as an effort to prevent pneumonia in toddlers in kalibawang district, wonosobo regency
The health problem of toddlers, namely pneumonia, is a serious health problem in Indonesia. To overcome pneumonia, it can be done by educating parents to prevent the occurrence of pneumonia in toddlers which can be done through leaflets. This study aims to evaluate the impact of leaflet media as an educational intervention in increasing maternal knowledge about pneumonia prevention among mothers under five in Kalibawang District, Wonosobo Regency. The pretest-posttest design of one pre-experimental group was used with a total sampling technique, involving 59 posyandu mothers. Maternal knowledge was assessed before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon signed rating test revealed a significant increase in knowledge level (p = 0.000). Before the intervention, 60.9% of respondents had moderate knowledge, which increased to 86.7% indicating good knowledge after the intervention. The study concluded that leaflet media effectively increased maternal knowledge about pneumonia prevention. These findings highlight the potential of leaflet-based health education tools to be used in broader public health initiatives to increase public awareness and reduce disease incidence
Copyright (c) 2025 Angga Dwi Saputra, Khamdiyah Indah Kurniasih, Fauziah , Muhammad Firmansyah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Test of anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract of nyamplung fruit(calophyllum inophyllum l.) on male white rats of the wistar strain
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the methanol extract of Calophyllum inophyllum L. with a standard anti-inflammatory agent in Wistar rats. The research method used is randomized controlled laboratory experiment. The time and location of the research was carried out in May–August 2024 at the Biological Laboratory of Ahmad Dahlan University and the Research Laboratory of HarapanBangsa University. The samples used were 25 mice divided into 5 groups. Group 1 was negative control, group 2 was positive control, groups 3, 4 and 5 given a salution of nyamplung fruit extract at respective doses 50 mg/kgBB, 75 mg/kgBB and 100 mg/kgBB. The results of the study showed that nyamplung fruit extract from groups 3,4 and 5 had a percent anti-inflammatory power value of 27.92% ± 0.1607% (significant value 0.007), 36.38% ± 0.2982 (significant value 0.152)and 39.78% ± 0.0387 (significant value 0.152) respectively. The results of the Post-Hoc LSD analysis showed a p value of 0.525, meaning there was the methanol extract of Calophylluminophyllum L. exhibited anti-inflammatory properties at doses of 50 mg/kgBW, 75 mg/kgBW, and 100 mg/kgBW, with optimal efficacy at 75 mg/kgBW, comparable to diclofenac sodium. The conclusion of this research is that groups 3,4 and 5 of the methanol extract of nyamplung fruit have anti-inflammatory activity, and the optimal dose observed was 75 mg/kgBW.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lintang Septiani Putri, Fauziah, Dina Febrina (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Legal Responsibilities of Children and the Role of Families toward Parents in the Perspective of Civil Law and Government Regulation No. 28 of 2024 as Implementation of Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health
The obligations of children toward parents within the context of Indonesian civil law represent a complex issue, given the involvement of various legal elements, customary norms, and religious values. The role of the government and families, as outlined in Government Regulation No. 28 of 2024, serves as the implementation of Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health. This study focuses on the role of children in caring for and supporting their parents in accordance with the law, particularly concerning the health of the elderly. The research employs a normative legal approach to evaluate existing regulations and the collaboration among the government, families, and society in ensuring the well-being of parents, especially in fulfilling health rights. The findings indicate that this regulation enhances the role of the state in supporting public health through more comprehensive interventions in cases where families are unable to meet their obligations. It is hoped that this research will provide a strong policy foundation and strengthen the reciprocal relationship between civil law and elderly health care in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Herwinda Larasati, Amelia Farah Nisha, Lina Angie Angel, Afrilies Marlia Hafny, Naili Yuris Tri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
General Anesthesia in Thoracal Fusion with Diagnosis of Compression Fracture of Thoracal Vertebra 7-8: A Case Report
Vertebral compression fractures occur due to pressure that causes cracks in the vertebral body. These fractures often occur in the elderly who have risk factors for osteoprosis. Surgery with fusion is one of the options. The use of general anesthesia is an option for surgery on the spine. Perioperative Anesthesia Nursing Care has been carried out on a 60-year-old man who underwent thoracic fusion surgery for a compression fracture of the T7-T8 vertebra. The patient was classified as ASA II and given general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation (ETT). The provision of care is carried out using an anesthesia care method approach including assessment, analysis and determination of problems, action plans / interventions, implementation and evaluation. The purpose of this report is to describe and identify anesthetic health problems in perioperative and optimize anesthetic management in patients. Keywords: Anesthesiology nursing care, general anesthesia, thoracal fusion, vertebral fracture
Copyright (c) 2025 Febby Lidya Zannuba, Made Suandika, Mariah Ulfah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
General Anesthesia Management with LMA in Patients with a Diagnosis of Closed Fracture of the Proximal Tibia with Cardiomegaly
Tibial fracture is the most common type of lower extremity fracture. Management of closed proximal tibial fracture with cardiomegaly requires effective anesthetic management by considering the patient's hemodynamics and heart condition. The selection of the right anesthetic is needed to avoid postoperative cardiomegaly complications. The purpose of this case report is to describe the anesthetic management in a patient with a closed proximal tibial fracture who will undergo ORIF surgery using general anesthesia with LMA with comorbid cardiomegaly. The method used in this case study is a descriptive observational method using a single case study approach. Patient data can be collected in several ways: through detailed patient history obtained through interviews, observation, thorough physical examination, and regular recording of vital signs every 30 minutes. The data collection process takes place before surgery, during surgery, and in the postoperative period. The conclusion of this case study is that considerations for administering anesthesia to patients with closed proximal tibial fracture with comorbid cardiomegaly must consider the condition of their heart.
Copyright (c) 2025 Febi Dwi Medisa, Made Suandika, Mariah Ulfah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Nursing care for the risk of decreased cardiac output in mr. u with hypertension in the daikea room of iryou houjin aiwakai hospital (ikeda en)
Hypertension is a medical condition with an increase in blood pressure above normal, which can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease and stroke. Uncontrolled hypertension can lower the risk of death from this disease. The prevalence of hypertension in Japan stands at 34.6% in men and 24.8% in women, with various risk factors such as obesity and high salt consumption. This study aims to describe nursing care in patients with a reduced risk of cardiac output due to hypertension at Iryou Howjin Aiwakai Hospital (Ikeda En), Okinawa, Japan. An assessment of the 76-year-old patient showed symptoms such as dyspnea, tachycardia, palpitations, and fatigue, which are associated with decreased cardiac output. The interventions carried out included the provision of Fowler positions, vital sign measurements, and oxygen therapy. The results showed a decrease in blood pressure after the intervention. The Fowler position is effective in lowering blood pressure and reducing symptoms of tightness in hypertensive patients with a reduced risk of cardiac output. Proper nursing care can reduce the risk of complications in hypertensive patients.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rika Novianti, Adiratna Sekar Siwi, Indri Heri Susanti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of an intelligent expert system with deep learning for early risk detection of monkeypox
This study aims to develop an intelligent expert system based on deep learning to detect the risk of Monkeypox disease early. Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease that can spread to humans, with symptoms similar to smallpox but milder. Early detection is essential to prevent spread and speed up handling. In this system, deep learning models are used to analyze data on clinical symptoms and patient risk factors, including travel history, interactions with animals, and physical symptoms that appear. The expert system provides a prediction of the level of risk and recommendations for medical treatment based on the results of the analysis. The system was tested using a dataset of 770 images divided into four classes (Chickenpox, Measles, Monkeypox, and Normal), with 70% for training, 20% for testing, and 10% for validation. The evaluation results showed an accuracy of 96% in detecting Monkeypox risk, making it an effective tool for medical personnel in diagnosing and providing early treatment. The implementation of this expert system is expected to contribute to preventing the spread of Monkeypox disease more efficiently and in a timely manner.
Copyright (c) 2025 Berliana Rahmadhani, Adam Fathurrohman Arya Bakhti, Rian Ardianto, Anggit Wirasto, Khoirun Nisa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment Nurses in The Inpatient Ward of Rst Wijayakusuma Purwokerto
Nurses must work professionally in accordance with the standards of the organization where the nurse works, so that nurses have a commitment to work which is influenced by various factors, one of which is job satisfaction from nurses in their organization. Nurses who are satisfied with their jobs will increase employee commitment to their organization. This study aims to determine the relationship between job satisfaction and the commitment of nurse organizations in the inpatient room of Wijayakusuma Purwokerto Hospital. The research method used is a quantitative method with a type of research in the form of correlation using a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique in this study was carried out with a total sampling method of 79 nurses. This research was carried out at Wijayakusuma Purwokerto Hospital on May 28-June 5, 2024. The instruments used in this study used a job satisfaction survey questionnaire and an organizational commitment questionnaire. The data analysis in this study uses Spearman Rank analysis. The results of the research obtained were mostly female as many as 54 nurses (68.4%), aged ≥30 years as many as 45 nurses (57%), diploma education as many as 58 nurses (73.4%) and 51 nurses with a working period of 5-10 years (64.5%). The results of the Spearman Rank test found that there was a relationship between job satisfaction and the commitment of nurse organizations in the inpatient room of Wijayakusuma Purwokerto Hospital, p value 0.014 α=0.05, (CC=0.276). The conclusion of the study is that there is a low relationship between job satisfaction and the commitment of nurse organizations in the inpatient room of Wijayakusuma Purwokerto Hospital.
Copyright (c) 2025 Salsa Dwi Ayuni, Tri Sumarni, Indah Susanti (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Monitoring maintenance of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia in controlling hemodynamic stability of blood pressure and intra-opearting pulse of maxillary reconstruction at Yogyakarta air force central
Maxillary reconstruction is a procedure to restore lost volume, surface, and components in the upper jaw. This procedure aims to support and maintain oral functions, such as speaking, swallowing, and chewing, cover soft tissue, and provide volume. Maxillary reconstruction can be done in various ways, such as: RAFF, Free rectus bone graft, Obturator insertion, Tissue engineering procedures. The frequency of malignant maxillary sinus tumors is estimated at around 0.2 - 0.8% of all malignancies throughout the body, or 3% of upper aerodigestive tract malignancies. Commonly used general anesthesia is inhalation anesthesia. This inhalation anesthesia has the advantage of its potency and concentration which can be controlled through a machine, with dose titration to produce the desired response. The purpose of this study was to determine how Monitoring Maintenance of Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia in Controlling Hemodynamic Stability of Blood Pressure and Intraoperative Pulse of Maxillary Reconstruction at Yogyakarta Air Force Central Hospital. The method in This research has a case study research design and this study was conducted based on a case study used as a research case, using anesthesia care sheets in conducting research observations. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the administration of maintenance inhalation anesthesia in the case report that inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane is very good, the side effects caused by inhalation anesthesia do not cause a significant decrease in condition, so that anesthesia with sevoflurane can be used in maxillofacial surgery. At the pre-anesthesia stage, patients are also given antibiotics to prevent post-operative infections
Copyright (c) 2025 Ridho Agung Dwi Prihatmojo, Rahmaya Nova Handayani, Etika Dewi Cahyaningrum (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Treatment of stoghorn dextra patient with history of hypertension under general anesthesia
Staghorn stones are a serious condition that is often associated with urinary tract infections and can lead to severe complications, especially in patients with hypertension. Assess the effectiveness and safety of staghorn stone treatment methods in patients with a history of hypertension and emphasize the importance of pre-operative evaluation and proper anesthetic technique. Analytical case study of a 69-year-old female patient with a history of hypertension and complaints of abdominal pain. The patient showed good recovery after surgery with close monitoring of hemodynamic stability. Appropriate use of general anesthesia successfully reduced the risk of complications during and after the procedure. A thorough pre-operative evaluation, including imaging studies and metabolic assessment, is essential for optimal outcomes. Alternatives such as RIRS show good results with lower risk of complications, especially in hypertensive patients. Metabolic control also plays an important role in the treatment of staghorn stones. A thorough pre-operative evaluation, including imaging studies and metabolic assessment, is essential for optimal results. Alternatives such as RIRS show good results with lower risk of complications, especially in hypertensive patients. Metabolic control also plays an important role in the treatment of staghorn stones
Copyright (c) 2025 Raffa M Dzikri, Rahmaya Nova Handayani, Fauziah Hanum Nur Adriani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
General anesthesia using endhotracheal tube in craniotomy patients: case reports
A craniotomy is a surgical procedure that involves opening the bones of the skull to provide direct access to the brain. The procedure is performed on patients with conditions such as brain tumors, brain hemorrhages, cerebral abscesses, brain infections, and brain ttrauma. In this case, a 75-year-old patient suffered a brain hemorrhage due to a tear in the vein of the bridge that connects the cerebral cortex and the venous sinuses where the venous veins originate. The best anesthesia technique used is general anesthesia with an endhotracheal tube (ETT), which aims to keep the airway safe during the surgical procedure. Previous studies have shown that the choice of general anesthesia methods is to be maintained because it can affect the clinical outcome of the patient. In addition, proper management of anesthesia can play an important role in supporting the craniotomy procedure. This abstract highlight the importance of proper management of anesthesia in supporting the success of caniotomy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rizki illahi, Made Suandika , Arni Nur Rahmawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of geolocator for location manipulation detection in GPS-based attendance application at watumas clinic
Geolocation-based attendance applications are widely used to enhance accuracy and efficiency in attendance management. However, Fake GPS applications pose challenges to data authenticity. This study developed a mobile attendance application using Geolocator to detect and prevent real-time location manipulation. By utilizing GPS, Wi-Fi, and accelerometer sensors, the system ensures accurate user location. The application was built using the Waterfall model, covering requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. Three testing methods were employed: Blackbox Testing for functionality verification, Whitebox Testing to assess the accuracy of the location detection algorithm and sensor integration, and User Acceptance Testing (UAT) to evaluate ease of use and effectiveness. Results show that the application accurately detects location manipulation, produces valid attendance data, and is well-received by users, with satisfaction rates of 90% for ease of use, 85% for response speed, 88% for detection accuracy, and 80% for the effectiveness of Fake GPS detection. This research contributes significantly to the development of safer and more efficient attendance systems, particularly in the Watumas Clinic.
Copyright (c) 2025 Irfan Arfianto irfan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Comparison of machine learning algorithms for alzheimer's risk classification
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive form of dementia that affects cognitive function and impacts the quality of life of sufferers. Advancements in artificial intelligence, particularly in machine learning, are creating new possibilities for streamlining the disease classification process using health history data. This study aims to compare the performance of five machine learning algorithms, namely Naive Bayes, Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), XGBoost and Support Vector Machine (SVM), in predicting Alzheimer's diagnosis using 2,149 data from Kaggle Open Datasets. The data went through the process of Data Collection, preprocessing, testing using the five algorithms. The evaluation results show that XGBoost has the highest accuracy of 95%, followed by Random Forest with 93% accuracy, ANN 84%, SVM 83%, and Naive Bayes 83%. In conclusion, XGBoost proved to be the most effective model in detecting Alzheimer's, ahead of the other algorithms in this study.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ria Suci Nurhalizah, Retno Agus Setiawan, Rian Ardianto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Machine Learning for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Comparing Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor and Naive Bayes for Effective Risk Classification
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complication of pregnancy characterized by impaired glucose tolerance arising or initially identified during pregnancy. This condition requires machine learning-based classification methods that can identify risks early, as conventional methods such as screening often cause delays in risk identification and lack accuracy due to variations in maternal health conditions. Machine learning offers a solution by providing faster and more accurate classification of GDM, due to its ability to quickly process large data and analyze data involving many variables. This study explores the use of Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Naive Bayes algorithms for GDM risk classification to determine the most effective model. Using a dataset containing 1012 samples from the Kurdistan region, the researchers performed data pre-processing, including data cleaning, data balancing using SMOTE, and normalization, followed by model training and evaluation based on accuracy, AUC, sensitivity, and specificity metrics. The results showed that Random Forest achieved the highest accuracy of 86.43%, AUC of 93.78%, sensitivity of 89.29%, and specificity of 83.57. Following that, KNN had an accuracy of 83.93%, AUC of 83.93%, sensitivity of 88.57%, and specificity of 79.29%. Lastly, Naive Bayes reached an accuracy of 76.79%. Based on these results, Random Forest is the best performing algorithm for effective GDM risk classification. This study emphasizes the potential of machine learning to enhance the speed and accuracy of early GDM risk prediction, ultimately contributing to better health outcomes for both mothers and their children.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ulan Juniarti, Retno Agus Setiawan, Rosyid Ridlo Al-Hakim (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
General Anesthesia Technique in Postpartum Hemorrhage Patients with Anemia, Hypovolemic Shock
Maternal death can occur during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. One of the causes of maternal mortality is postpartum hemorrhage that occurs within 24 hours to 12 weeks after childbirth. The main objective of this study is to manage postpartum hemorrhage patients with anemia and hypovolemic shock using general anesthesia techniques. This is a descriptive case study of a 36-year-old woman who experienced postpartum hemorrhage with anemia and hypovolemic shock, who will undergo an emergency hysterectomy with general anesthesia using a 7.0 size endotracheal tube as one of the options. Data were collected through observation during the pre, intra, and post anesthesia periods and data medical records. Data were taken on August 27, 2024, at RSU Duta Mulya Majenang, Central Java, Indonesia. During the intraoperative phase, fluid resuscitation and blood transfusion were performed to stabilize the patient's condition, and after the hysterectomy was completed, the patient was transferred to the ICU for closer monitoring to prevent ongoing bleeding.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Nurhidayati, rahmaya nova handayani, made suandika (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
General Anestesi Intubation Technique in Tonsillectomy Patients with Morbid Obese
Using the descriptive case method, this study examined general anesthesia intubation procedures in tonsillectomy patients who were severely obese. Obesity, which is a worldwide health problem, impacts anesthesia procedures, especially when intubating patients with large necks, such as the study participants. The modified RAMP technique decreased the risk of respiratory complications, improved visualization of the larynx, and established ideal positioning. Although there are some drawbacks, such as inadequate equipment, the study findings suggest that the RAMP position may make intubation easier in obese patients.
Copyright (c) 2025 Khofilatul B Umayyah, Rahmaya Nova Handayani, Made Suandika (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peri anaesthesia in thyroid cancer patients with uncontrolled hypertension
The high incidence of case fatality in patients with hypertension as a comorbidity involving anaesthesia poses a challenge for anaesthetists. Effective management prioritises the prevention of excessive vasodilatation that can result in hypoxia, haemodynamic instability, and imbalance of pre- and post-induction Blood Pressure changes resulting in the need for careful selection of appropriate anaesthetic maintenance regimens. Here, we outline an anaesthetic approach for tyroidectomy in a patient with Thyroid Cancer who requires surgical intervention under special monitoring due to comorbid uncontrolled Hypertension and excessive vasodilatory changes during intra-anesthesia. This study used a single case observation method with the subject of a 57-year-old male patient diagnosed with thyroid cancer and uncontrolled hypertension. Data were collected comprehensively and longitudinally in three phases: pre, intra, and post-anesthesia. In thyroid cancer patients with hypertension, intravenous midazolam was effective for pre-anesthesia anxiety. However, high doses of isoflurane in the intra-anesthesia phase can cause hypotension, which requires close hemodynamic monitoring. Careful anesthesia management, including dose adjustment and monitoring, is important to prevent complications and ensure patient safety.
Copyright (c) 2025 Warda Vina Aulia, Rahmaya Nova Handayani, Etika Dewi Cahyaningrum (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Emergency Management of Incarcerated Scrotal Hernia with Hypertension under General Anesthesia
An incarcerated scrotal hernia is a surgical emergency. An incarcerated scrotal hernia is a hernia whose contents enter the scrotum and are pinched in the hernia sac, if not treated immediately, it will cause tissue death which leads to infection and can threaten the patient's life. Emergency measures are a challenge for medical personnel, especially for anesthesiologists. This study aims to obtain an overview and understand emergency management in patients with incarcerated scrotal hernia and hypertension under general anesthesia. The research method used in this study is a case study. This study uses a descriptive design with a single case study. Participants in this study were one case of incarcerated scrotal hernia and hypertension with general anesthesia. Data collection in this study is through interviews, observations and physical examinations, documents. The data validity test is intended for valid data, carried out with additional sources of information using triangulation from three main data sources, namely patients, nurses and patients' families. Results: based on the results of the assessment and data analysis, it was found that anesthesia for emergency cases is more difficult for anesthesiologists who have to prepare and deal with existing problems because these patients are not prepared in advance and are not in an ideal state, such as there is a risk of aspiration and in addition patients with hypertension require close monitoring of vital signs and strict monitoring of fluids during surgery. Conclusions: Emergency management in patients with incarcerated scrotal hernia and hypertension under general anesthesia requires special management to reduce the patient's risk because the patient is not well prepared for surgery and has additional hypertension that requires special management to prevent complications.
Copyright (c) 2025 Niluh Resmiantari, Rahmaya Nova Handayani, Etika Dewi Cahyaningrum (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Anesthesia nursing care for Mr. K diagnosis of ileus obstruction with hypovolemia, laparotomy surgery with general anesthesia: a case report
Ileus obstruction is a surgical emergency caused by mechanical intestinal obstruction. The method in this study is a descriptive case study approach to explore anaesthesia management for a 77-year-old male patient with ileus obstruction and hypovolemia, who underwent laparotomy at RSUD dr. R. Goeteng Taroenadibrata in August 2024. Through direct observation, we collected insight into his initial condition, the interventions administered, and his hemodynamic responses during and after anaesthesia. The results of this case study are as follows in the pre-anaesthesia; the patient showed signs of hypovolemia with an oxygen saturation of 86% which improved to 96% after using a non-rebreathing mask. During anaesthesia, a hypovolemic pre-shock caused blood pressure to drop significantly to 60/45 mmHg, but with careful administration of norepinephrine and ephedrine, stability was restored. After surgery, the patient was transferred to the ICU in stable condition, with a blood pressure of 150/78 mmHg and oxygen saturation at 98%. The conclusion of this case study emphasizes that managing anaesthesia for ileus obstructive with hypovolemia requires careful anaesthesia management, especially for high-risk patients. This study highlights the importance of thorough assessment and monitoring. Further research with a larger sample size could provide more insights into.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indriani, Dwi Novitasari, Madyo Maryoto, Esa Dahan Prayoga (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Green Betel Leaves Extract Concentration in Hydrogel Acne Patch from Breadfruit Starch on the Antibacterial Activity of S. Aureus and P. Acnes
Betel leaf (Piper betle L.) is a natural antibacterial source, the leaves contain phenolic compounds. Acne patch is a patch that covers acne and prevents bacterial contamination. The acne patch in this study was made from natural breadfruit starch polymer (Artocarpus altilis) combined with betel leaves. The purpose of this study is to determine the physical quality and the effect of green betel leaf extract concentration acnes in hydrogel acne patch preparations made from breadfruit starch on the antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium. The antibacterial test method used in this study is the disc diffusion method. The results of the physical quality test of all acne patch formulas meet the requirements. The strongest antibacterial activity was found in the formula containing 125% extract, with an inhibition zone of 17 mm against S. aureus and 32,02 mm against P. acnes. The data analysis using One Way Anava, the yield of p-value of 0.000 (<0.005), indicating that of the green betel leaf extract concentration variation have an effect on the antibacterial activity against S. aureus with a strong category and P. acnes with a very strong category. The highest concentration of green betle leaf extract was significantly increase the antibacterian activity of bradfruit acne patch
Copyright (c) 2025 Pradea Indah Lukito, Makhabbah Jamilatun, Thabita Fadellisa Hujafad, Ilyin Novi Latifah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perianesthesia Management in Bipolar Arthroplasty Diagnosis of Collum Femur Fracture With Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension Using Regional Anesthesia Subarachnoid Block (SAB) : A Case Report
Femur neck fractures are classified into the hip fracture category. The incidence of hip fractures is estimated to increase from 1.66 million in 1990 to 6.26 million in 2050, as life expectancy increases. It is estimated that the largest number of pelvic fractures will be found in Asia by 2050, which is 50% of the total total pelvic fractures in the world. A descriptive observational case study focusing on the perioperative management of a single patient undergoing bipolar arthroplasty. The surgery was performed using regional anesthesia—Subarachnoid Block (SAB) with Bupivacaine (0.5% hyperbaric) at the L3-L4 level. The patient was monitored throughout preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases. Subarachnoid block regional anesthesia has been administered to a 69-year-old man with a diagnosis of femur collum fracture with ASA II physical status who will undergo bipolar arthroplasty surgery with comorbid controled hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2. The spinal anesthesia technique of subarachnoid block can reduce the risk of perioperative complications and reduce the use of opioids, thereby minimizing the risk of side effects and speeding up the mobilization process
Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Sulaeman, Made Suandika, Rahmaya Nova Handayani , Cindy Maharani, Dwi Darmawan Dani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The effectiveness of the two stay-two stray technique in teaching speaking
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Two Stay-Two Stray (TSTS) technique in teaching speaking to fifth-grade students at SDN 1 Karangcengis, Bukateja, Purbalingga, Indonesia during the 2023/2024 academic year. A quasi-experimental design was employed with two groups: an experimental group taught using the TSTS technique and a control group using traditional methods. Data collection involved pre- and post-tests, assessing fluency, pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary. The results indicate a significant improvement in the experimental group's speaking skills, with post-test scores averaging 34.42, compared to the control group’s 18.64 The TSTS technique encouraged active participation, peer interaction, and boosted confidence in speaking English. In conclusion, TSTS is an effective alternative to traditional methods, promoting communicative competence among elementary school students. Wider application in English language teaching is recommended.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Azizatun Zahro, Benny Krisbiantoro, Tri Pujiani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analyzing the Influence of Customer Engagement on Instagram and TikTok on the Top Brand Index 2024 in the Pharmaceutical Sector
This study aims to see whether there is an influence between consumer engagement of pharmaceutical brands on social media, especially Instagram and Tiktok on the Top Brand Index of the pharmaceutical sector. The pharmaceutical sector faces stringent industry regulation, with substantial regulatory oversight, disclosure laws, and other regulatory guidelines and requirements. This creates intense competition for pharmaceutical companies to maintain the top position of their brands by engaging customers on drug brand social media accounts. This study uses secondary data from website fanpage karma and Top Brand Index for medicine category in 2024. Researchers conducted a classic assumption test and hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression tests with the SPSS analysis tool. The results of this study indicate that Tiktok's customer engagement has no significant effect on the top brand index and Instagram's customer engagement has no significant effect on the top brand index. This means that consumer engagement on social media instagram and tiktok has no influence on the marketing strategy of the pharmaceutical sector. This study has several limitations. First, this study only examines the top brand index category of pharmaceuticals. Second, this research was conducted on Instagram and tiktok social media engagement only. Future research can conduct research on other social media such as Facebook and X with larger data.
Copyright (c) 2025 Adinda Restiningtyas, Slamet (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peri-Anaesthesia Profile in Caesarean Section Patients with Regional Anaesthesia Subarachnoid Block and Intraoperative Bleeding Control
The prevalence of Section Caesarea (CS) use continues to increase globally, and is expected to reach 29% by 2030. SC is a life-saving procedure under certain conditions, but its use without medical indication may increase the risk of health complications for both mother and baby. CS is performed based on absolute and relative indications, with regional anaesthesia (spinal or epidural) recommended to reduce the risk of morbidity. Section Caesarean (CS) surgery is one of the delivery methods currently chosen by many mothers. This trend is shown by data on the increasing trend of CS delivery rates and has become a standard maternity service because of the low risk of death in the mother and foetus, excellent prognosis and easy postoperative care. The patient was given spinal anaesthesia with a combination of bupivacaine, fentanyl, and morphine. Preoperative management included the administration of premedication drugs such as ondansetron, ketorolac, and dexamethasone to prevent nausea and control pain. Intraoperatively, tranexamic acid and oxytocin were administered to manage massive bleeding. Patients are intensively monitored in the postoperative phase with a focus on the risk of bleeding and shivering. The use of spinal anaesthesia, drug combinations, and perioperative pain management approaches have proven effective in improving hemodynamic stability and reducing the risk of postoperative complications in CS surgery.
Copyright (c) 2025 M.Ka'bil Mubarrak, Rahmaya Nova Handayani, Made Suandika (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0